Innovation report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Innovation report - Essay Example It is a lesson from the module for the experiences through toughness that makes people have a feeling that the level of innovation transpires to make it feasible (Hisrich & Kearney 23). As stated above, the last year has presented a comprehensive pathway for experiencing new things as well as learning plenty through practicality. Most of us believed they had perfect plans leading to their success prior joining the class. However, my group’s belief was gradually broadened and the feasibility planning is a critical tool in achieving success through the experiences of practical feasibility through the creation of products. The other essential skill that will facilitate my growth in the future is that of team management. Our module allows learners to work within groups towards get innovative products. There needed to have an understanding of the capacities of group members as well as having ultimate forces in adjusting with each member in making the innovation successful Interacting and working in such groups is tough (Hisrich & Kearney 72). The company we formed was composed of three equal partners who were leaders and managers. We appreciated that leaders are people who do the right things while managers do things the right way. In doing right things and making things right, the group had equal responsibilities as managers and leaders. The main hindrance was time management for group activities. I feel that the group members and me could have achieved even more in terms of succeeding the products and the company in the event that we properly and usefully managed our time. I recall that there is no amount of money that can buy time back (Hisrich & Kearney 28). This understanding and the group’s improper management of time taught great lessons as well as the methodology of deciding the future using ideal time management skills. The group had a long-term goal for the company and our

A Study in Sociology Essay Example for Free

A Study in Sociology Essay Suicide always fascinated academic researches for a long time however it is has been an area of study limited to the field of psychology. Sociology is a relatively new field of social sciences. It started looking into suicide, not just as a personal act, but as a social action which is not entirely divorced from social forces. This paper discusses pertinent studies on the phenomenon of suicide and seeks to present literatures concerning this act. Moreover, differing ideas and interpretations on suicide are presented to carefully elaborate different perspectives on the subject matter. A Study in Sociology Arguably the first person to connect suicide to the study of sociology is sociologist Emile Durkheim. He presented that although suicide is a personal choice of the individual, the act is not separated from the context of a society. He looked into pre-existing records and analyzed suicide trends in different societies. Based on these suicide trends, there are four classifications of suicide: 1) Egoistic; 2) Altruistic; 3) Anomic and; 4) Fatalistic. Social cohesion plays a vital role in Durkheim’s theories on suicide. Egoistic suicide occurs when a person has a relatively low degree of integration into a society. On the other hand, a high degree of integration into a society can also result in suicides that are meant for a higher cause within a society. He also argued that changes in social order and the individual’s perception towards social change would explain anomic suicides. The phenomenon of fatalism takes place in extreme social contexts, where a person would decide on killing himself rather than suffering dire social conditions (Durkheim, 1951). Self and Society From an object of study limited to psychology, suicide became a subject of sociology. Durkheim’s research proved that the traditional perspective that view the subject matter as a psychological behavior and entirely individualistic in nature is a constricted framework when looking into suicide. This implies that social structures, social forces as well as social conflicts and changes are intervening factors in a suicide phenomenon. C. Wright Mills (2000) supported that one cannot separate behaviors and actions of an individual from the larger social context. He wrote that â€Å"the personal troubles of the milieu are connected to the public issues of social structure. † The individual committing suicide must therefore be located in his social as well as historical contexts. Current Trends on Suicide Studies After Mills and Durkheim laid the foundations of suicide as a sociological subject, numerous studies concerning suicide have been conducted in both psychology and sociology. Currently, suicide studies are interconnected with other factors such as gender, poverty, small arms, mental disorders and even medicine. It is now linked to modernity (Baudelot and Establet, 2008), attitudes and experiences of oncology patients (Emanuel, Fairclough, Daniels Clarridge, 1996), a demographic-specific trend such as adolescents (Brent, et. al. , 1988), cultural forces (West, 2005), economic conditions (Ruhm, 2000), as well as access to weapons (Brent, et. al. 1991). Suicide and Modernity Baudelot and Establet (2008) worked with Durkheim’s premises in their study of suicide. They stated that â€Å"The link between suicide, affluence and individualism is more complex—suicide rates do reflect broad social trends but they are also influenced by the structural position and lived experience of small social groups. The notion of social well-being is demonstrated to be a key factor in changes in suicide rates. † While sociology itself cannot accurately predict a suicide case, the collective gathering of these cases provides a fertile ground for sociological interpretations. Modernity is a historical as well as social era where social changes occur and these cases of suicide are descriptive of their milieu. Suicide, seen as such in the context of modernity, is a social fact. It describes the changes that occurred during the time of modernity. Societies that are rigid in its goals during the time of modernity are those that adamantly pursued modernization. It is in this context that suicide rates are known to be higher in the Communist Bloc, China and India (Baudelot and Establet, 2008). Economics and Suicide While both affluent and starving groups of individuals commit suicide, the role of economics cannot be downplayed in the study of suicide. On the macro-economic level, the period of modernity prominently features suicide trends in a time where economies were vibrant and booming. On the other hand, a stagnating economy, such as in a recession, also has an effect on suicide. Ruhm (2000) argues that â€Å"unemployment is negatively correlated to mortality and that unemployment is positively correlated to suicide. † In Japan, suicide is seen in a cultural context. Since individuals in the Japanese society are strongly connected to their social, political and cultural spheres, there is tendency for the push and pull of altruistic-egoistic suicide to occur. This is seen when the rule of law in Japanese society permeates the personal sphere such that debts and divorces are major factors affecting suicide (West, 2005). Suicide and Norms Sociology also attempted to explain suicide in a broader sense—by zooming out of the individual and focusing on social factors that affect the phenomenon. Psychology argues that those committing suicide are psychologically ill or that the individuals committing them are inept in their coping mechanisms. While suicide might seem irrational, there are rational premises that are least likely explored. Societies that are relatively more tolerant of suicide, as well as the individual’s cognitive ability to rationalize the act are also extraordinary factors contributing to suicide trends. Rendering rational suicide normative in a society creates the positive feedback mechanism necessary for a rational suicide to occur. This type of suicide is also surprisingly limited to a specific demographic, namely the educated and successful. Rationality of Suicide One of the fundamental question relating suicide and society lies in the rationality of the act. Is the act ‘rational’ based only on the perceptions and actions of the individual, thereby rendering the act an exclusive study within psychology? Or is this rationality of the act itself being defined not only in terms of the individual’s values but a rationality that is predetermined by the values and norms of a society? Although there are many reasons for suicide, there are factors that least likely determine suicidal trends, but are potent social forces (i. e. education, family, religion) that must be considered. Suicide occurs for a number of reasons such as depression, substance abuse, shame, avoiding pain, financial difficulties or other undesirable fates. † Defying the commonplace definition is the concept of rational suicide. Rational suicide is â€Å"ending ones life out of a conviction that one has lived long enough, that the likely future holds more pain than joy† (Lerner, 2004). Surprisingly, rationality of a suicide act Keown (1995) showed that there is prime value placed on the moral intention behind the act of death itself. This applies not just in euthanasia but also in rational suicide. What are the intentions behind the suicide? Is the decision independent of life’s problems that can be solved? Is it free from outside pressure from a belief system, mores or culture itself? This is the litmus test of the rationality or irrationality of suicides. Sociological and psychological studies attempted to look into the duality of forces working on suicides—individual and social. It is arguably psycho-social factors that are deterministic of the suicide trends across societies. Social institutions, many sociological studies posit, are playing a huge role in the nature and type of suicides in a given society. Stack and Kposowa (2008) concludes that: â€Å"National suicide rates are predictive of individual-level suicide acceptability. However, the main predictors of suicide acceptability included a measure from social learning theory, religiosity, and a neglected measure of control theory, life satisfaction. † While the act of committing suicide is a very individualistic act, there are factors to be considered that are social forces with repercussions and influences on individual action. The act of suicide presents how the personal milieu is linked to the larger issues within the social institutions. References: Baudelot C. and Establet R. (2008) Suicide: The Hidden Side of Modernity. John Wiley Publications. Brent, D. A. , Perper, J. A. , Goldstein, C. E. , Kolko, D. J. , Allan, M. J. , Allman, C. J. , and Zelenak, J. P. (1988) Risk factors for adolescent suicide. A comparison of adolescent suicide victims with suicidal inpatients. Archives of General Psychiatry. Vol. 45, No. 6, June 1988.

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Operational Plan Business Environment: The environment at BoxofLove is based on the culture of performance and production. For employees, we try to provide the proper motivation in our organization. â€Å"Abraham Maslow broke down on what people needed for motivation into two different categories in five factors. Category one will lower level needs and concentrate on factors such as physiological, safety, and social needs. The second category is having higher level needs such as self-esteem and self-actualization (http://www.businessballs.com/maslow.htm)†. Having to focus on higher level of needs, we will be able to motivate the our employees within in the organization to achieve high levels of performance. We are committed to reduce the operating costs to reflect the values of our customers for our good business sense. Location: BoxofLove.com is a new company that will be entering the industry with other competitors. This is an ecommerce business, which has a variety of themed care package for students in greater Chicago land area. The building is an office in the Elk Grove Village area with 400 sq. ft. which provides 11’ by 13’ overhead door and 17’ inside the office. The village gave us the permission to build the office with hours from 9 am to 5pm Monday thru Friday, 8am to 12pm on Saturdays, and closed on Sundays. Our office will include rooms that will be used for operations with project management, finance, designing, and administrative tasks required in the operations of the ecommerce. The office uses Nicor, ComEd, and Comcast business program. During the summer time Nicor would require to use less gas and winter time it would use more gas to heat the building for employees. The... .... related materials. Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and diagrams of Maslow's motivational theory. Retrieved January 14, 2014, from http://www.businessballs.com/maslow.htm Imani, F. (2014, January 1). How to Keep Track of Inventory Manually. Small Business. Retrieved January 15, 2014, from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/keep-track- inventory-manually-21920.html LOOKING FOR OFFICE SUPPLIES? WORK WITH US.. (2012, January 1). Office Supplies, Office Furniture & Office Technology at OfficeMax. Retrieved January 12, 2014, from http://www.officemax.com/ Summary. (2014, January 8). U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Retrieved January 15, 2014, from http://www.bls.gov/ooh/production/quality-control- inspectors.htm#tab-2 Quality control. (2014, January 1).Wikipedia. Retrieved January 15, 2014, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_control

The ambiguity in “My Papa’s Waltz”

Theodore Roethk’s â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† is a poetry of the twentieth century. When discussed, the poem instigates again and again some very interesting and conflicting opinions. Often examination of this brief and seemingly accessible poem inspires animated debates on the possibility of messages of child abuse and alcoholism. â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz†, recounts the treasured childhood memories of the poet. The structure of the poem, the iambic trimetric quatrains has the rhythmic romp of the waltz. The poem should be read within the context of its time frame.This poem was authored in 1948, an era when readers would not have shared the same emotional response about these issues that are displayed by contemporary readers. The meaning of many phrases and words in the poem can be misinterpreted as an indication of child abuse. A close reading and analysis of the poem help us avoid such misconstruction. According to Karl Malkoff, Roethke had a deep almost religious respect for his father, Otto Roethke. He had admiration for his father’s ability and fear for his strength. Otto Roethke owned greenhouses and worked in them as well.Roethke saw his father with his labor helped the flowers grow. His love combined with his awe-inspired dependency that a son has for his father can be clearly seen in the poem. The poem consists of four iambic trimetric quatrains. The rhythmic style and the rime patter of the quatrains (‘breath’, ‘death’ and ‘easy’, ‘dizzy’,) make us feel the rhythm of the waltz. It shows the good time the boy is having with his father. As the readers of the last decade of 20th century, we are very much aware of the issues of child abuse and alcoholism.We are conditioned to think even the slightest hints of abuse and alcoholism as glaring sigs of problems. These subjects were not heard at the time when it was written. Moreover his use of the word ‘papa’ sh ows his affection towards his father. The first line of the first stanza, â€Å"The whisky on your breath†, does not necessary mean that his father is drunk. He may enjoy a drink before going to bed. He hung on to his father like death while dancing because it is a rowdy waltz. The use of the word ‘death’ can mean that he was enjoying the dance and he has a tight grip on his father so that he did not fall.In the next stanza we find that the dancing pair makes a mess of the cans in the kitchen and her mother frown at their behavior. Other than frowning, she does not take any actions to stop her father which can only mean that it is not a case of child abuse but a father spending some time his son before the child goes to bed. In the third stanza he says that his father’s hand was battered on one knuckle. The reason can be the hard labor his father put to maintain the greenhouses.If we imagine a situation in which the boy is standing on his father’s f eet while dancing, each time his father misses a step; his ear will come in contact with the buckle. This is what he means by â€Å"My ear scraped a buckle†. The first line of the last stanza, â€Å"You beat time on my head† may mean the father lovingly putting his hand on the boy’s head with the beat of the waltz. The last line â€Å"Still clinging to your shirt† reveals the boy’s wish to stay with his father and not go to bed. The analysis of the poem asserts that it is a recollection of the happy days of his childhood.The autobiographical elements, the structure, the poem in context of the era in which it was written and a close study of the poem show that is a reminiscence of the loving memories of author’s childhood which had shared with his father. Though the poem seems to be a positive memory, there are lines, ‘The whisky on your breath’ and ‘But I hung on to like death’, which shows the violence and underlin ing danger in such a dance. The activity is exhilarating, as often with children, they are impressed by things that scare and thrill them.

Rebecca’s Structure Essay

Explain the effectiveness of the structure of the text, Rebecca Daphne du Maurier’s Rebecca is structured in a circular form, which is effective in displaying elements of the gothic genre and producing a sense of mystery and ambiguity. The fact that details are revealed gradually creates tension, and a desire to know, so that by the end of the novel the audience is satisfied with the complete story, despite the horrific truth regarding Rebecca’s murder. The text virtually revolves around a murder By using a BAB form, with a reference to the ending at the beginning of the novel, a sense of confusion and abstruseness is evoked among readers. The first chapter, in which the narrator supernaturally returns to Manderley, relives her experiences and mourns for the loss of such an exquisite property, is perplexing for the reader as the scene, characters and setting have not been established. This causes the audience to disregard the first chapter, as the second chapter begins with an entirely different setting and mood. Upon reaching the end of the novel, the reader grasps the meaning of the dream sequence, and the forgotten abstruseness is resolved. The audience is left content with all details of the story revealed, but, like most gothic tales, also chilled and unsettled with the shocking conclusion. Rebecca shows elements of the horror genre through the structure, in which the details are revealed throughout the story, by being analogous to many crime shows of today. In television programs such as CSI, a section of the fictional offense is shown, after which the team investigates the murder or other wrongdoing, and eventually discovers the callous yet complete truth. This order of events matches exactly with those in Rebecca, and it has the effect that we have an idea of the story, but become alarmed yet intrigued as more shocking details are revealed. The text is structured in a way that the scene is set and elaborated on throughout the book as the story and events take place, which causes the reader to experience confusion and a sense of incompetence. The fact that we are put in the place of the speaker allows us to experience everything she feels, knows and says. The narrator’s lack of knowledge concerning Rebecca’s death and murder is unnerving, as it makes us feel just as naive and oblivious as Mrs. de Winter. This is relevant to the gothic genre as it plays on the idea of being put in someone else’s place, which seems supernatural and ghost-like, as if the murder is something we can only learn about through the narrator, as everyone else is already in the know. This idea is further explored when Mrs. de Winter goes to live at Manderley, and unintentionally takes Rebecca’s place. The ingenuousness of the narrator, and how she gradually learns the truth about the murder, allows us to relate, and displays the ghost-like element of the gothic genre. In conclusion, the structure of Rebecca is effective in exemplifying the gothic genre because it references the end of the book at the beginning which creates confusion and mystery. Its effect on the readers is significant because it follows the structure of many crime shows, and makes us feel clueless, like the narrator.

Positions and Duties on Board a Pirate Ship

Positions and Duties on Board a Pirate Ship Each of the members of the crew of a pirate ship had a specific position to play and a set of duties to go along with that role. A pirate ship was an organization much like any other business. Life on board a pirate ship was much less strict and regimented than on board a Royal Navy or merchant vessel of the time, but there were still duties that had to be done. There was a command structure, and different men had different jobs to make sure that everything went smoothly. Well-run and organized pirate ships were more successful, and ships that lacked discipline and leadership generally didn’t last very long. Here is a list of the common positions and duties on board a pirate ship. Captain Hulton Archive/Stringer/Getty Images Unlike in the Royal Navy or merchant service, where the captain was a man with a great deal of experience and complete authority, a pirate captain was elected by the crew, and his power was only absolute in the heat of battle or when giving chase. At other times, the captains wishes could be dismissed by a simple majority vote of the crew. Pirates tended to like their captains to be neither too aggressive nor too meek. A good captain had to know when a potential victim was too strong for them, without letting weaker quarry get away. Some captains, such as Blackbeard or Black Bart Roberts, had great charisma and easily recruited new pirates to their cause. Navigator It was hard to find a good navigator during the Golden Age of Piracy. Trained navigators could use the stars to figure out their latitude, and therefore could sail from east to west with reasonable ease, but figuring out longitude, north to south, was much harder and involved a lot of guesswork. That was fairly important: pirate ships often ranged far and wide. â€Å"Black Bart† Roberts worked much of the Atlantic Ocean, from the Caribbean to Brazil to Africa. If there was a skilled navigator on board a prize ship, pirates would often force him to join their crew. Sailing charts were also valuable and were confiscated as booty when discovered on board prize ships. Quartermaster After the Captain, the quartermaster was probably the most important man on the ship. He was in charge of seeing that the Captain’s orders were carried out and handled the day-to-day management of the ship. When there was plunder, the quartermaster divided it up among the crew according to the number of shares each man was due to receive. He was also in charge of discipline in minor matters such as fighting or minor derelictions of duty. More severe offenses went before a pirate court. Quartermasters often inflicted punishments such as floggings. The quartermaster would often board prize vessels and decide what to take and what to leave. Generally, the quartermaster received a double share, same as the captain. Boatswain The Boatswain, or Bosun, was in charge of the ship itself and keeping it in shape for travel and battle. He looked after the wood, canvas, and ropes that were of vital importance on board. He would often lead shore parties when supplies or repairs were needed. He oversaw activities such as dropping and weighing the anchor, setting the sails and keeping the deck clean. An experienced Boatswain was a very valuable man. They often got a share and a half of loot. Cooper Wooden barrels were very valuable, as they were the best way to store food, water, and other necessities of life at sea. Every ship needed a cooper  or a man skilled in making and maintaining barrels. Existing storage barrels had to be regularly inspected. Empty barrels were broken up to make space on small ships. The cooper would quickly put them back together if they stopped to take on food and water. Carpenter The carpenter was in charge of the ship’s structural integrity. He generally answered to the Boatswain and would fix holes after combat, keep the masts and yardarms sound and functional, and know when the ship needed to be beached for maintenance and repairs. Ships carpenters had to make do with what was at hand, as pirates usually could not use official dry docks in ports. Many times they would have to make repairs on some deserted island or stretch of beach, using only what they could scavenge or cannibalize from other parts of the ship. Ship’s carpenters often doubled as surgeons, sawing off limbs that had been wounded in battle. Doctor or Surgeon Most pirate ships preferred to have a doctor on board when one was available. Pirates frequently fought–with their victims and with one another–and serious injuries were common. Pirates also suffered from a variety of other ailments, including venereal diseases such as syphilis and tropical illnesses like malaria. If they spent a long time at sea, they were vulnerable to vitamin deficiencies like scurvy. Medicines were worth their weight in gold: when Blackbeard blockaded the port of Charles Town, all he asked for was a large chest of medicines. Trained doctors were hard to find, and when ships had to go without one, often times a veteran sailor with some common sense would serve in this capacity. Master Gunner If you think about it for a minute, you’ll realize that firing a cannon must be a tricky thing. You have to get everything right: the placement of the shot, the powder, the fuse... and then you have to aim the thing. A skilled gunner was a very valuable part of any pirate crew. Gunners usually were trained by the Royal Navy and had worked their way up from being powder-monkeys, young boys who ran back and forth carrying gunpowder to the cannons during battles. The Master Gunner was in charge of all of the cannons, the gunpowder, the shot and everything else that had to do with keeping the guns in working order. Musicians Musicians were popular on board. Piracy was a tedious life, and a ship could spend weeks at sea waiting to find a suitable victim. Musicians helped to pass the time, and having some skill with a musical instrument brought with it certain privileges, such as playing while the others were working or even increased shares. Musicians were often forcibly taken off of the ships of their victims. On one occasion, when pirates raided a farm in Scotland, they left behind two young women†¦ and brought a piper back to the ship instead.

Introduction to Sordaria Lab Report Essays

Introduction to Sordaria Lab Report Essays Introduction to Sordaria Lab Report Paper Introduction to Sordaria Lab Report Paper The lab experiment examined meiosis and genetic diversity through the model organism, Sardinia familial. Meiosis is part of the sexual life cycle and occurs in all sexually reproducing organisms. It is a method of cell division that produces gametes. Meiosis has two parts: meiosis I and meiosis II. Both parts undergo the same four stages of protease, metaphors, anapest, and Tallahassee. The process begins with one single parent diploid cell (that contain homologous chromosomes) that divides into four daughter haploid cells which each contain half the number of chromosomes that the original parent cell maintained. Both independent assortment and crossing over occur in meiosis I. Crossing over rearranges the DNA sequences that are then inherited and passed down to future offspring. This rearrangement, or recombination results in genetic variation within a species. The mechanisms controlling these crossover events are undefined. Recent existing evidence argues that harsh environmental pressures may lead to heritable changes in mechanisms controlling recombination. Much of this evidence has come from studies done at the Evolution Canyons in Israel. There are four Evolution Canyons, each of which consists of two mountain slopes with varying climates. Evolution Canyon I, located in Lower Inhale Orin, Mount Carmela, contains a south facing slope (SF) which experiences harsh climatic conditions, such as high temperatures and drought. The opposing north facing slope (NFG) is characterized by mild climatic conditions, including cooler temperatures and higher humidity. Evolution Canyon serves as a model for microinstruction and can be used to study how mutation and recombination contribute to adaptation and genetic diversity. The study published in the Genetics Journal and referred to in the logy laboratory manual studied whether there is a natural genetic variation for recombination frequencies and whether it correlates to environmental conditions and adaptation. The research was conducted on Evolution Canyon I and focused on the fungi organism, Sardinia familial. Several asexual filaments of S. Nicola were collected on different levels of each slope. The specimens were grown in the laboratory, where wild type spores from these crosses were then self-crossed to create a second generation of wild type spores. First, the filaments were grown on cornmeal agar with sodium acetate at 18 degrees and hen crosses were completed on minimal medium at 17. 5 degrees. Spontaneous spore color mutations appeared as non-black spores in the wild type strains. Also , the researchers plated the parenthetic (the fruiting body of the S. Nicola that contains acceptors) on growth medium containing sacrificial (a fungicide) and spontaneous sacrificial-resistant mutants formed. The strains were used to study varying mutation frequencies of wild type strains from the two different slopes on Evolution Canyon. Also, these strains were used to study the variations in crossover and gene conversion frequencies on the two opposing slopes. Their exults revealed that wild type strains from the SF experienced higher mutation rates than those strains obtained from the NFG. Although much less apparent, there were also slight differences in crossover frequencies within slopes. The results provide evidence that mechanisms controlling mutation and recombination may adapt heritable changes in response to the harsh climatic demands, particularly with the SF. Therefore, increased genetic diversity within a species may depend on the organisms environmental conditions. By understanding the factors controlling recombination, more can be known about genetic variation within a species.

The Most Lucrative Business Majors By Starting Salary

The Most Lucrative Business Majors By Starting Salary The average starting salaries for business majors can vary depending on the individual, the job, and the school where the degree was earned. However, there are some lucrative business majors that seem to rise to the top in the National Association of Colleges and Employers Salary Survey Report. For undergraduate business majors, its management information systems, supply chain management, and finance. For graduate business majors, its marketing, finance, and business administration. Lets take a closer look at each of these business majors to learn more about areas of focus, average starting salaries, and post-graduation career opportunities. Management Information Systems Management information systems is a business major that focuses on the use of computerized information systems to guide managerial decisions and manage business operations.  Average starting salaries for people with a bachelors degree in management information systems exceed $55,000 and increase exponentially with more work experience. At the masters level, average starting salaries are just under $65,000. According to PayScale, annual salaries for MIS grads can get as high as $150,000 or more for certain job titles (like a project manager). Common job titles include business analyst, systems administrator, project manager, and information systems manager. Supply Chain Management Business majors who focus on supply chain management study logistics and supply chains, which include any individual, organization, or operation that participates in the production process (procurement and transportation of materials), manufacturing process, distribution process, and the consumption process.  According to PayScale, average starting salaries for business majors with a bachelors degree in supply chain management exceed $50,000. At the masters level, average starting salaries are just shy of $70,000. Supply chain management grads can work as supply chain managers, logistics directors, supply chain analysts, or strategic sourcing managers. Finance Finance is a business major that focuses on economics and the management of money. This is a popular and lucrative business major for both undergraduate and graduate students. Average starting salaries for finance majors exceed $50,000 at the bachelors level and $70,000 at the masters level. According to PayScale, annual salaries for finance majors with just a bachelors degree can get as high as $115,000 for portfolio and finance managers. Common job titles for finance majors include financial analyst, credit analyst, financial planner, and finance officer.   Marketing Marketing majors learn the best ways to promote, sell, and distribute products and services to end consumers. According to PayScale, the average starting salary for marketers at the bachelors level is under $50,000, but at the masters level, that number exceeds $77,000. Both of those numbers increase with time and experience. PayScale reports a salary range for marketing majors that tops out at $150,000 at the bachelors level and goes much higher at the MBA level. Common job titles for business majors who specialize in marketing include marketing manager, marketing research analyst, and account executive.   Business Administration Students who major in business administration study business operation, particularly the performance, management, and administrative functions. According to PayScale, the average starting salary for grads with a bachelors degree in business administration/management is over $50,000. At the masters level, grads earn an average starting salary of more than $70,000. The business administration degree is a general business degree, which means that there are many different career paths for grads. Students can go on to work in management or get jobs in marketing, finance, human resources, and related areas. Learn more about your options with this guide to high-paying management jobs.

Analysis Phase Of System Development Life Cycle Thesis - 1

Analysis Phase Of System Development Life Cycle - Thesis Example Remaining at the current status will likely cost $53,230 each year while by implementing the new system, the corporate will save half of this amount. Improving the current system (software and hardware) will cost $35,000. A thorough analysis tells us the needs of this company, whats wrong with the current system, potential problems toward implementation and costs. The recommendation of this paper is to conduct a thorough analysis of the situation, build budgets and timelines that reflect realities, understand that employees are going to be a little skeptical (so spend time and money on training) and also understand there will be a learning curve. Corporate House needs to implement this enterprise system to solve the stated problems. Doing so will allow for unlimited growth and if the improved information, reporting and efficiencies allow them to after accounting for implementation costs. Information systems, in theory, are geared toward helping improve productivity by improving the flow of information. But when systems become obsolete or a company grows or both, the information systems can turn from an advantage into a liability. Employees find they must work around the system, rather than work with the system. What is the best step when an information system no longer is able to meet the needs of the organization? Should a company simply invest in patches in the current system and do business as usual? Or would a new system be called for? There are certainly advantages and disadvantages to both of these processes. But to make a rational decision, a company needs to have an understanding of where it currently is with the system, where it needs to be, and the steps that are necessary to get there. In the following case with Corporate House, well do just that. Corporate House, a generic company, is finding itself in the same position as a lot of

NGOs and Corporations Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

NGOs and Corporations - Literature review Example He negotiated a partnership between the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) – one of the world’s largest and most influential NGOs, and the IMD, but he is also heavily involved in the corporation side of his research interests. He acts as a consultant for several Fortune 100 companies, including Microsoft and Shell, and has spoken at various think-tanks. Yaziji and Doh adopt a sensible division of their work into four clear sections: understanding NGOs, NGO advocacy campaigns, corporate-NGO engagements, and the future of the latter. This division offers a logical structure for the book’s chapters, and a straightforward framework for analysis. The authors begin by asserting the importance of NGOs in the contemporary world, and on this issue, their arguments can scarcely be contested. By naming just a few of the more prominent organisations, including Amnesty International and Greenpeace – the nature of NGOs as major actors in politics, economics and society is clear. Yaziji and Doh (2009, p.xiii) also provide some staggering statistics for the growth of NGOs in recent years, suggesting a 400% increase in the number of international NGOs. No reader can seriously doubt whether a comprehensive work on this subject was necessary. I would credit the authors’ statement that ‘A fuller understanding of the role of business in society requires a comprehensive understanding of these engagements’ (2009, p.xv). oweHowe And Doh and Yaziji certainly provide a comprehensive account. They apply a logical division of material, and create a work which is easy for any reader to negotiate. However, having set themselves the important task of filling the current gap in the literature, something more than a survey of the field would have been appropriate. In theoretical terms, they have moved on the debate, but to a great extent the book feels like a synthesis rather than a useful new analytical framework. The introductory chapter provides a valu able overview of the current status of NGOs and their influence in society, and sets out a valid framework for the analysis that will be pursued throughout the text. However, beyond the introductory chapter and the logical headings used to divide the work into four main areas, there are some crucial structural weaknesses. In the introductory chapter, the authors describe the ‘hazard-strewn’ nature of relationships between NGOs and corporations, nicely summarise some of the key factors that make them so (2009, p.xxiv). For example, NGOs might recoil from the data discovered on being given access to a corporation’s internal audit, while the media coverage generated by such a collaboration has the potential to harm the legitimacy and reputation of an NGO, sometimes damaging it irreparably. Perhaps most fundamentally, there is a basic value difference between most corporations, and most NGOs. The former are working with markets and their values; the latter with socia l and ethical values. There can be some overlap in their operations, but this fundamental conflict compromises all collaborations. Perhaps this theme could have been developed further, given that it crops up throughout

Contributions to Economics and Sociology Vilfredo Pareto Term Paper

Contributions to Economics and Sociology Vilfredo Pareto - Term Paper Example These observations are dispersed throughout the various works by Pareto. Trattato contains the essential features of the philosophy of science as expressed by Pareto.6 Throughout his work, Pareto applied his philosophy of science to develop theories and relate theories to facts. He used this to clearly explain the relationship between the dynamic and the static. He showed that though the static is only a phase, it is a necessary phase of the dynamic.7 The study of facts and consequent development of theories to explain these facts was his dominant occupation. The arguments presented in the Cours are illustrated using many statistical and historical references. In the later stages of his work, Pareto shifted his interest from analyzing statistical data to the analysis of sociological and historical phenomena. Pareto also did a critical examination of many of pseudo-scientific theories. In the Systemes socialistes, he subjects the logical inconsistencies of socialist economic theories such as the Marxist theory to a rigorous analysis. This is an illustration of the critical aspect of his work which is fully expressed in the Trattato. Pareto integrated economic theory into the social sciences. His main goal was to generalize the theory of general economic equilibrium by Walras so that it covers all the social sciences.8 He used the interdependence of social and economic phenomena as a guiding principle for his work. He believed that economic theory was part of a greater whole whose study was necessary, though not sufficient, in order to understand society. Pareto was the first scholar to clearly distinguish between the concepts of ordinal and cardinal utility by...The men that are primarily moved by this class of residues behave like Machiavelli's "foxes."23 They are capable of innovation, experimentation, and departure from common practice, but lack fidelity to uphold the principles and conservative virtues that can insure their stability...

Overpopulation on Earth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Overpopulation on Earth - Essay Example He leaves a conclusion using this argument: "a planet with relatively few people, each of whom can live with dignity and a high quality of life, is far superior to a world where too many people, awash in pollution, stretch resources to the breaking point, and where billions struggle to survive at mere subsistence levels". Benjamin Zuckerman creates a topic that is really interesting and timely. His purpose of delivering his theme and thesis make the readers understand very well the situation as well as the main idea of the essay. But unfortunately, Benjamin Zuckerman fails to write his essay in a rhetorical manner. Although he uses some of the metaphorical questions and symbolism as he mentioned angels and pin which represent people and the Earth, still, the theme will be loved only by the topic-lover audience, it will not pass to the standard of good writers and keen readers. The style of the essay reflects the writer being a proletarian even though his viewpoint has a great sense. The topic is effective but he placed it inappropriately.

Marketing to the South Asian Population Assignment

Marketing to the South Asian Population - Assignment Example Moreover, the increase of ethnic diversity has become a trend that will increase, which means that UK population will be even more heterogeneous in future. (Halsey, 2000) The number of immigrants from South Asia will rise, which means greater social weight for this group - currently, the largest of all ethnic minorities in the UK. Adding to social weight also means adding to economic value of South Asian population in Britain. Previously perceived as lacking the purchasing power (Sivanandan, 1989) ethnic minorities now present a significant segment "as consumers, workers, and investors in Europe new immigrant groups are beginning to impact the economic, social and political scene" (Palumbo and Teich, 2004). On the one hand, the significance of ethnic minorities increases, and on the other one, practitioners lack the information on how to use their presence. Indeed, buying behaviour of foreigners differ from European significantly. For instance, Delener (1990) finds that religiosity affects significantly buying behaviour of many ethnic groups. Therefore, understanding of purchasing habits of people from minority ethnic group requires understanding of their cultural differences, which become apparent in ethnic identities of each nation. Despite the wide academic interest to immigrant adaptation (Bhugra et al., 1999; Masuda et al., 1970; Phinney, 1990; Ward and Kennedy, 1994) there is still a significant lack of coherence in the description of ethnic identity, particularly because of terminological issues. Ethnic identity is explained in early studies as common ancestry based on shared individual characteristics and socio-cultural experiences (Drieger, 1978); and as fellings of belonging or commitment (Ting-Toomey, 1981). Later researches consider ethnic identity of a group or individual as the maintenance of original ethnic persona (Laroche et al., 1998) and a sense of shared values and attitudes (White and Burke, 1987). Thus 'ethnic identity' is not a clear term, but rather an umbrella of terms close to each other, yet not exactly similar, remaining opened for new perspectives. Consequently, such multi-dimensional definition of ethnic identity has led to wide acceptance of its multi-dimensional nature (Christian et al., 1976). Another underlying notion widely agreed is that ethnic identity is bound to culture. (Rosenthal and Hrynevich, 1985). However cultural dimensions vary across studies, proposing different models for the analysis of ethnic identity, mainly depending on the particular observed identity. For instance, Palumbo and Teich (2004) indicate religion, rite of passage, language, food and leisure as dimensions of Hispanic ethnic identity. Laroche et al. (2005) while observing differences between Greek and Italian identities, analyse three dimensions: ethnic language use with family members, ethnic language media exposure and ethnic attachment. More general research of Constant et al. (2006) measured ethnic identities of ex-Yugoslavian, Greek, Italian, Turkish and Spanish ethnic groups with five elements: language, culture, social interaction, hist ory of migration, and ethnic self-identification. Without further excessive specification, seven widely accepted dimensions of ethnic identity are given: language, friendship networks, religious affiliation, participation in clubs and organisations, food preferences, traditional celebrations, and politics. Ethnic minority groups present a vast field of interest

Overpopulation on Earth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Overpopulation on Earth - Essay Example He leaves a conclusion using this argument: "a planet with relatively few people, each of whom can live with dignity and a high quality of life, is far superior to a world where too many people, awash in pollution, stretch resources to the breaking point, and where billions struggle to survive at mere subsistence levels". Benjamin Zuckerman creates a topic that is really interesting and timely. His purpose of delivering his theme and thesis make the readers understand very well the situation as well as the main idea of the essay. But unfortunately, Benjamin Zuckerman fails to write his essay in a rhetorical manner. Although he uses some of the metaphorical questions and symbolism as he mentioned angels and pin which represent people and the Earth, still, the theme will be loved only by the topic-lover audience, it will not pass to the standard of good writers and keen readers. The style of the essay reflects the writer being a proletarian even though his viewpoint has a great sense. The topic is effective but he placed it inappropriately.

Discussion Essay Qustion Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Discussion Qustion - Essay Example These winds are also known to change their directions every now and then, especially during the night. Sea and land winds are the ones we encounter on a daily basis. These winds are not much strong when compared with Santa Ana winds (Kissell, 2011). Santa Ana winds on the other hand flows at a distance relatively high from the surface of the earth. These winds are dry and extremely strong. Santa Ana winds are known to originate from the inland. Noticeable effects of these winds have been seen in the coastal regions of Southern California. Geologists have further provided that Santa Ana winds do not take any specific direction (Kissell, 2011). When a wind firm wants to put a new turbine, for electricity generation, they must put into consideration the direction of the wind. For the case of land and mountain winds, the turbine should be set in a manner that allows flexibility based on the direction of the wind at that specific moment. A fixed turbine may be put in place when considering Santa Ana winds as they do not have a specific direction. Situating turbines on mountainous locations may pose the problem of power evacuation and maintenance. Sea and land winds are believed to be important since they are available on flat ground/terrains (Chiras Sagrillo & Woofenden, 2010). They are thereby used in generation of electrical energy. Implementation of the local grid is also easier on flat

The poem English Book by Jane Weir Essay Example for Free

The poem English Book by Jane Weir Essay What do you think the poet is saying about some teachers of English and the way they mark a students book in the poem English Book by Jane Weir? How does the poet present her opinions? (18 marks) Jane Weir seems very unimpressed by the way her sons English teacher marks his book. She is describing her visit to a Parents Evening and starts by plunging straight in with the pronoun they to begin the poem in the middle of the consultation. The first two lines express her surprise that they seem unaffected by their years in a classroom, all sitting upright and correctly to meet the mother. She lists the procedures that teachers have to go through and the words or so they say suggest she has little respect for the latest thinking or belief in the criminal checks that are made to protect children. One particular teacher, probably the boys English teacher, shows the mother his English book, her eyes showing a length of pity that the boys spelling, punctuation and general presentation are so weak. The mother is appalled that his writing has been butchered by the teachers red pen. The teacher has very little understanding that (according to the mother) she is killing the childs creativity by concentrating so much on his technical mistakes. The poet, probably writing from real experience, cannot get the teachers to understand that her son has ability with words and that they are not appreciating or encouraging his ideas. The whole poem is full of imagery. The teachers are compared to books: they bear no tide mark and have perfect spines probably unlike the condition of the exercise book that the mother is about to be shown. Later metaphors (lines 13 to 15) seem to describe textiles, in the same way that Jane Weir weaves fabric imagery into her poem Poppies selvedge, rolls out flecked with heartfelt perhaps to express the situation from a womans point of view. The mother is obviously very angry at the way her sons written work has been treated and an extended metaphor compares the teachers marking to the violent acts of a butcher reducing a carcass to lumps of bloody meat. Red punctuation marks have chopped up his words; circles around his misspelt words are nooses to hang his confidence; her pen is an axe to destroy his sentence structures. The resulting page is piled with offal. After the butchering, only the inedible (unreadable) parts are left, nevertheless the mother believes her son is very intelligent. She sees the oracle in his entrails and the jazz /of his sequencing would seem to describe a lively imagination at work. From the mothers point of view the excessive emphasis on the importance of technical accuracy is harming the boy and the teacher makes little effort to listen to the mothers concerns or to see anything worth praising in the boys writing. Described metaphorically as a starved lion-cub waiting for a word kill, this final image presents a child, waiting hungrily to experience and enjoy language, but being starved by a teacher who cannot see what beats at (the) centre of his writing.

Role Of The English Language In Malaysia English Language Essay

Role Of The English Language In Malaysia English Language Essay Abstract This research examines the role of the English language in Malaysia, a former British colony in South East Asia from the 18th to the 20th century. My research question asks: to what extent can English be a unifying language in Malaysia? In order to approach the issue, the question has been narrowed down into two parts: English can be a unifying language of Malaysia; and English cannot be a unifying language of Malaysia. The influence of English in the lives of Malaysians such as daily life, workplace and education has been examined. There is a dichotomy in views whether English can become a unifying language in Malaysia. One side believes that English has already become an important part of Malaysian identity, particularly due to its colonial past and its current status of one of the languages of instruction in primary, secondary and tertiary education and also the status of business language. There is another view, mainly held by the Malay nationalists, opposed to such opinions due to the fact that there is a huge gap in the English language proficiency between people from the urban and rural areas. Three interviews have been conducted as part of the methods of investigation, but the most influential interviewee was Ram Mohann, an English teacher in a Malaysian secondary school. Books, news articles and academic journals have been used as well. The main sources for this research are written by Malaysian professors of linguistics, Azirah Hashim and Loga Baskaran. It is concluded that English can be a unifying language in Malaysia. The conclusion drawn is based on the fact that English plays an important role in the lives of Malaysians, private sectors and education in Malaysia. Most importantly, English is also regarded as a language that integrates all Malaysians by the non-Malays. Word count: 298 Introduction Malaya (now Malaysia) was a nation that had been occupied by European superpowers such as the Portuguese, Dutch and the British since the 16th century. However, the ones that really made a linguistic influence on the land were the British. Even though they left and granted independence to Malaya in 1957, one legacy that they have left the country is their language, English. English had been the official language of the Straits Settlements, the Federated Malay States and the Unfederated Malay States since the 1800s during the occupation of Great Britain and also served as the official language of Malaysia for a decade after the nations independence in 1957. However, in order to promote national unity and increase the participation of Bumiputra (Malay-ethnic and indigenous people) in tertiary education, the Malaysian government removed English from its official role and promoted the use of Bahasa Malaysia (Malaysian or Malay language) in 1967.  [1]   Nevertheless, English remains a dominant second language in Malaysia. It is still widely used in private companies. For the last two decades, the status of English has been a much debated-upon and jostled-about issue.  [2]  In this essay, I will investigate the role of English in Malaysia today. My research question is as follows; to what extent can English be a unifying language in Malaysia? Unifying language must be defined in order to answer the question. In this case, unifying language refers to the language that joins the people of Malaysia as a whole. I will discuss how English is used in many aspects of Malaysian lives in order to answer my research question. Moreover, the language of instruction in Malaysia will also serve as a springboard to investigate the role of English in Malaysia. Even though English is no longer an official language in Malaysia and therefore some might argue that Malaysia is not an Anglophone nation, the widespread usage of English in Malaysia is a fact that is beyond any question. English is a business language and a common language used among ordinary Malaysians, particularly in urban areas. Moreover, it is widely known that many of the older generation [in Malaysia] speak [English] very well.  [3]  Some elites even argue that English and Malay play an equally important role to help unite the people and create a unique national consciousness.  [4]  English is used for a variety of functions in professional and social transactions not only with the international community but also within the society.  [5]  In addition, even though all English-medium schools had been changed to Malay-medium schools in the 1980s, the implementation of PPSMI (teaching and learning Science and Math in English) policy in all Malaysian public schools s ince Primary One indicates that the government is not only concerning about the globalisation of the nation, but also with the importance of the language in Malaysia herself.  [6]  Hence, the use of English as a local language in Malaysia rather than an international language is enough to make Malaysia an unofficial Anglophone country. English can be a unifying language in Malaysia English language is the global lingua franca, a language for diplomacy and international trade. Workforces with good command of English will put the country a huge advantage in the world. According to Braj Kachrus three-circle model of World Englishes that categorises World Englishes into three concentric circles, which include Inner Circle representing the traditional base of English; Outer Circle that representing countries where English is not an official language but plays an important role; and Expanding Circle, including countries that employ it as a foreign language and for only limited purposes, Malaysia is listed under the Outer Circle.  [7]  This model indicates that there are a sizeable amount of people who use English as a first language. According to Azirah Hashim, a Professor of Linguistics in University of Malaya, English is used for a variety of functions in professional and social transactions not only with the international community but also within the society.  [8]  The quote tells us that Malaysians do not only use it as an international language, but some perceive English as a local language as well. Hashims view is not her own wishful thinking. It is evident everywhere in Malaysia, in both the Malaysian education and lives of Malaysia citizens. Broken English is very commonly used by taxi drivers, pedestrian pedlars, food hawkers, gardeners, garbologists, florists and food caterers.  [9]  For instance, phrases such as Buy 1 Free 1 or RM 5 for 2 are always visible in Malaysias local supermarkets, departmental stores and pasar malam, a Malay word for night market. It indicates that even for those who are not highly educated, they all have the enthusiasm to speak English because the degree of international integration is simply moving in leaps and bounds and man-on-the-street has to survive.  [10]  Most importantly, it shows that English is gaining more currency within Malaysian society, especially in urban areas.  [11]   After the PPSMI policy was implemented in 2003, the decision was described by some journalists as revive the glory of the language and reclaim English in education, which seems to allude to recognition of English as not just a global or international language, not just a European language, but also as a Malaysian language.  [12]  Moreover, even though there arent any official statistics available, it is known that there are sizeable numbers of English private kindergartens in Malaysia, particularly in urban areas. For non-English medium privately-owned kindergartens, English is always taught as one of the subjects apart from their mother tongue. According to a Malaysian Indian who is only willing to be identified as Subramaniam, My children are all studying in English-medium kindergarten because I know only a good command of English will lead them to success and I want them to build their foundation since they are young.  [13]  This comment reflects the fact that the Malaysia n parents are aware of the importance of English in todays world as well as Malaysian society itself and they know that a good command of English will put their children in a better position in todays world. In addition, English is generally taught 280 minutes per week in public schools  [14]  , which is even more than the teaching time for the senior class in Xiamen International School, an English-medium and IB World school. It must be noted that in Malaysian education, all high school students in public schools are required to learn English literature and English comprehension, rather than beginner English class. If the teaching time of English in a bilingual education is even more than an English-medium school, it indicates that English plays an equally important role for both Ministry of Education of Malaysia as well as an IB World school. However, it must also be noted that the level of English comprehension and/or literature might be lower than that of IB Diploma course, and hence the statistics do not indicate everything. According to a well-known Malaysian Indian journalist and politician, the late MGG Pillai, those who know English are better positioned for jobs than those without.  [15]  That was his comment regards the importance of English in his article written in 1994. His assessment was right spot on in todays world. In major companies in Malaysia, the only language used in a company meeting is English.  [16]  Meanwhile, some meetings in governmental departments are conducted in English as well, but mostly depending on the language preferred by the head of the department.  [17]  Reports such as annual reports or financial reports are either in English or in both English and Malay. For example, Malaysia Airlines, the national carrier of Malaysia, presents its financial reports to their staff only in English  [18]  . Meanwhile, it is known that the language a flight attendant will use is English, even for domestic flights although the national language is Malay.  [19]  When a pilot or co-pilot announces the latest information about the flight, English is always preferred for both domestic and international flights. If private companies prefer English and English language is also widely used in governmental departments although Malay is supposed to be the language of instruction, it tells us that English does play an equally important role in todays Malaysia. Moreover, English is no longer seen as a competitive advantage but a basic requirement for jobseekers.  [20]  In 2005, the Malaysian government conducted a survey of nearly 60,000 Malaysian graduates who were unemployed. It was also revealed in the survey that 81 per cent of the unemployed attended public universities where the medium of instruction in many courses is in Malay.  [21]  Moreover, according to the senior consultant of Alpha Platform Sdn Bhd, a Malaysian full service communication firm, Many of the [graduates] are rejected five minutes into an interview due to their atrocious co mmand of [English].  [22]  Those examples show that Malaysians with lack of proficiency in English will be at a serious disadvantage in Malaysian society. It also suggests that English is gradually replacing Malays prominence in Malaysia, especially in private sectors. In addition, English is also very common in the lives of ordinary people in Malaysia. For instance, no English language entertainment import is ever dubbed and local television channels in Malaysia screen a wide variety of English cartoons, serials, dramas and films in original language with Malay subtitles only.  [23]  There are sizeable numbers of local English magazines and newspapers such as Flavours, Football Weekly, the Star, New Strait Times, Business Times, the Sun, Motor Trader, Golf Malaysia, BPL and many others. Moreover, there are many well-known foreign magazines such as Times, Readers Digest, PC Magazine, and Newsweek on sale all over Malaysia. The numbers of English newspapers all over Malaysia is exactly the same as that of Malay language.  [24]  Several foreign publishers even publish their own magazines in Malaysian version in English language such as FourFour Two and Top Gear from United Kingdom.  [25]  In addition, English books have dominated the two largest bookstore chains in Malaysia, MPH Bookstore and Popular Bookstore. An English teacher, Ram Mohann, claimed that Popular bookstore has around 65% of English books while English books almost dominate MPH bookstores in Malaysia with around 90% by citing internal sources.  [26]  Those different statistics and information do indicate that there is a big market for English readers in Malaysia.  [27]  However, it must be stressed that Mohann is only a teacher, not a market profession and his internal sources might not be very reliable either. Nevertheless, it is always known by Malaysians the dominance of English books in that either of those two bookstores or other bookstores is a fact that is beyond any doubt. On 9th July 2009, the Ministry of Education announced that the PPSMI policy will be abandoned starting 2012 by citing the percentage of students who achieved A to C for science had fallen by around 4% in both urban and rural schools. Basically the overturn of the policy means that all science-based and math subjects in Malaysian public schools will be reverting back to Malay for government schools, Chinese for Chinese schools and Tamil for Tamil schools. The reversal of the policy has caused as much debates as the ones when the policy was first implemented in 2003. For instance, Azimah Abdul Rahim, the chairman of Parents Action Group for Education (PAGE), questioned the reversal of the government on behalf of all parents by telling the reporter that there might be some schools which would want to continue teaching in English. I think there should be a choice. There are many Malaysians whose first language is English.  [28]  In addition, Lim Kit Siang, a prominent opposition lead er in Malaysian politics, described the decision as a Raw Deal leaving Malaysia stranded in the march towards global educational quality, excellence and competitiveness  [29]  . Moreover, Tun Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad, the former Prime Minister of Malaysia who was known for his Malay nationalism and the leader who, surprisingly, introduced the PPSMI policy under his administration, posted a poll regards the PPSMI abolishment and the result shows that 84 per cent want to retain English as the language medium for these subjects.  [30]  Mahathir also questions how [the reversal of PPSMI] is going to help integrate Malaysians,  [31]  which implies that English is not just a medium of instruction for science and math and business language in Malaysia, but at the same time a language that should help unify all Malaysians as a whole. However, it must be stressed that his view might be subjective as Lim is a leader from opposition party and the fact he was educated under English medium. Moreover, as Mahathir mentions in his blog, the result of the poll might be somewhat subjective as well since it was conducted in the English language and English language speakers might be biased in favour of English.  [32]  Nevertheless, the views collected, which represent the parents and politicians, have emphasized the fact that a lot Malaysians believe that it will be hard for their children to survive in the future with lack of proficiency in English and also reflected the fact that English speakers and the language itself do play an important role in the today and future society of Malaysia. English cannot be a unifying language of Malaysia While there is no doubt about the importance of English in private sectors in Malaysia, it must be stressed that Malay has been the sole official language of Malaysia since 1970 and the use of this language in various sectors is encouraged under the National Language Act.  [33]  The Malay nationalists are particularly against the increasing prominence of English in Malaysia, especially in education. This strong feeling had been shown by the Malay-ethnic people in a protest against the use of English in March 2009, which eventually caused the reversal of PPSMI policy.  [34]   Supporters of PPSMI always use Singapore, the neighbouring nation that once was part of Malaysia, as an example of how language skills can be a key to a connecting local workers and industries to global economy.  [35]  However, the reversal of PPSMI could eventually undermine the role of English in Malaysia today and the future because the students will have less opportunity to use the language in class in the future. Therefore, for the next generation, instead of English, there is a possibility that Malay might become the language that is going to be widely used among professionals. According to Muhyiddin Yassin, the minister of education Malaysia, , only 8% of teachers were using English exclusively in classes while the use of [Malay language] was still common, particularly in rural areas  [36]  Muhyiddins concern reveals several problems in Malaysian education today the gap between students from urban and rural areas and the lack of proficiency in English among Malaysian local teachers. According to Dr. Nor Hashimah Jalauddin, a professor in National University of Malaysias School of Language and Linguistics, students in urban areas adjusted better to the PPSMI compared with students in rural areas  [37]  and that English is considered a foreign language and third language for students in Sabah, Sarawak, Kelantan, Terrengganu, Kedah and Perlis.  [38]  She is convinced that learning Math and Science in English is a burden for students due to their lack of proficiency in English. In fact, it is not only a burden for students, even the Malaysian teachers going mad teaching subjects in English  [39]  because most Math and Science teachers in service were trained under the National Language Policy, which the language of instruction is Malay.  [40]  According to Dr Khalil Idham Lim Abdullah, while [the teachers] are still grappling with the language, they are required to teach their students as well.  [41]  This claim is supported by M ohann as well, there are 75% of [Science and Math teachers] were trained in Malay and that there is hardly a big improvement [in English for teachers] since [2003].  [42]  Even though the statistics given only refers to one particular school, it does suggest that there are a large number of teachers who cant use English fluently. If the teachers cant even speak fluent English, how can we expect the students to develop their language skill significantly and hence how is language going to become the unifying language? Even though English plays an important role in Malaysias society today, the amount of English speakers is rather limited. According to David Crystal, the total number of English as First Language speakers in Malaysia was 1.88% by 1994 while the number fell by 0.16% nine years later. Meanwhile, the total number of L1 and L2 speakers only rose from 31.9% to 33.2% within nine years and the rise is rather slight as well.  [43]  44The statistics indicate that there are very few fluent speakers Malaysia and thus English is definitely not a language that is understood by all Malaysians. Unifying language should be the language that unites the whole nation and if English is not generally understood by all Malaysia citizens, how can it be the unifying language of the country? The biggest problem that might threaten the status of English in Malaysia is the fact that English is a colonial legacy left by the British and it is evident that the Malays have been trying to wipe off the memory of colonialism. For instance, even though the Malaysian government only removed Englishs official role by 1967, ten years after independence, and removed all English-medium schools only by 1972, the Englishs elitist status in education and administration had been immediately downgraded in 1957.  [45]  They find it hard in accepting that English could be an ingredient in Malaysian national identity, in spite of its use in cultural situations in Malaysia at present.  [46]  Instead, they believe Malay is for national identity and English is for progress and for wider communication, which implies the Malays believe that English should be used for globalisation and internationalisation rather than a local language.  [47]  Thus, as Tan suggests, the fact that Malaysia is categorised under the Outer Circle means that it is more appropriate to talk about [the role of English in Malaysia in] individual communities or sections of society rather than the whole country.  [48]   Conclusion English is an important language in both the past and current society of Malaysia. Competence in English as a compulsory condition for employees in most private sectors and some governmental departments has emphasized the increasing prominence of English in the country. Moreover, the implementation of PPSMI policy in 2003 has significantly increased the usage of English among the new generation, especially those who are teenagers now and will become the future backbone of the country. While the implementation of PPSMI policy indicates that fact the government is concerned about the importance of English in the country, the debates among professionals and ordinary Malaysians regards the reversal of the policy also reveals how significant the language is for the people. In addition, the dominance of English books and magazines in bookstores of Malaysia indicates that there is a huge market for English books in Malaysia. However, some Malaysians, particularly the Malays, believe the only language that can unify all Malaysians is the Malay language. The lack of qualified teachers with fluent English is a reason why English is not a unifying language. Meanwhile, the inequality of English proficiency between students from urban areas and rural areas proves that English is not commonly understood by all Malaysians and hence it will not create national unity. Besides the proficiency of the teachers and students, the rather low percentage of English speakers also reveals the same problem in making English the unifying language in Malaysia. All in all, even though this issue is still rather debatable, the conclusion drawn is that English can be a unifying language in Malaysia to some extent. English plays an important role in the lives of ordinary Malaysians, private sectors and education in Malaysia. However, the usage of Malay language is encouraged in public sectors. The overturn of PPSMI policy in July 2009 has put the status of English in the country into doubt. Moreover, Malays believe their language should be the tool to unite the whole nation  [49]  but the Indians and/or Chinese believe Malay language will create division among all Malaysians. They believe that we should emulate the model of Singapore since English is a neutral language between all the different ethnicities as it does not identify any of the races in Malaysia and thus it will create an equal society.  [50]   Bibliography

My Good and Bad Habits :: Personal Narrative Essays

My Good and Bad Habits A habit can be many things, some good, some not so good. Everyone has habits that they would like to change and maybe improve upon. I believe the majority of habits I have are good ones but some are not. These bad habits are the ones I will talk about. Smoking is a bad habit that is not only harmful to myself, but also to the people around me, namely my wife and children. They are the ones that receive the most harmful and the most concentrated amounts of smoke. I inhale through a filter, my wife and children do not. Another of my irritating and potentially harmful habits is my ability to let anger build up inside and redirect it to another source. The main reason that I say that this is potentially harmful is that when a man lets his anger build up over an extended length of time he eventually becomes a bomb, ready to explode at any time. This anger could show up at any time and be redirected toward anything, such as cars, other people, or things in the home. After the birth of my first child, I had to learn to develop constructive ways to vent anger. One of those ways was to go off alone, count to ten, and think about what it was that made me angry. After I discovered the root of my anger, I often asked myself, "Will it do me or anyone else any good to be angry?", and, "Will being angry do anything to solve the problem", and the answer to both questions was usually no. By the time I had done the walking and thinking, I was usually not angry anymore. Even in light of these habits I believe the worst habit is my use of foul language. I know that "four letter words" are only a sign of a limited vocabulary but old habits die hard. I believe I have gotten better after my son was born, due to the fact that it seemed he could repeat the "s" word more plainly than he could say "ball" and usually at the most inopportune times.

Global world challenges for muslim

Globalization has a big influence to Muslim populations and it brings huge impacts to the world in every single aspect. Plus, global economy is one of the greatest things happened directly proportional to the rise of globalization. The concept of globalization brings the culture of being competitive among people and surely Muslims are Included. Countries around the world compete with each other In order to gain the superpower as the top global nations.Though America Is believed to be eager in the near future, but still its influence on the global economy will probably make them to remain strong. This can be seen through the efforts made by the United States nation showing their ability to resolve global crises and their soft power in the field of economy (New Straits Times, 2012). In that matter, they will be able to fight against Incoming competitors to surpass them so that they will remain being the first among equal. However, for Muslims communities,TLS phenomenon has become a cha llenge for them as the chances in dominating the global economic sector still far way.As Muslims have lesser chances to be as one of the top rank countries, they tend to follow and adapt what have been posed by the Western. Instead of creating an innovative ideas and great productivity, these issues will create an unhealthy culture among Muslims communities where they will belief behind In economic- based sector and thus, becoming passive communities. In short, less attention given to Muslims has actually become a minor obstacle for this population to move forward towards success.In addition to that, most Muslims who are living in underdeveloped entries are facing a big problem of dominating the world economics even to get involved the global economic sectors is another issue. As a result to fewer chances provided for Muslims in this sector, this will only reduce or limit the Muslims' achievement towards the success of this sector. Surely, Muslims will not be able to show the world their talents In organizing this economic field so that to gain others' certainty about their own ablest that the world has misinterpreted for every now and then.Likewise, the world will see Muslims as weak, fragile and useless communities living together in a small alienated population. To add this, Hannah, (n. D) also comes out with a smart argumentation saying that human resources act as path to the development of Muslim communities. This however explains the critical element, human resources need attention from Muslims community If they aspire to be significant In the global economic. In other words, the economic growth will likely be depended on the human productivity values itself, which need to be developed and strengthened due to recent global competition.Another element which also becomes a great challenge for Muslim populations in the immediate future is education. Education has becomes great indicator to measure the development of certain countries and communities, since education shapes the future of a country whether to be success or not. The world perceives changed easily through great education and knowledge. The problem in education arises when Muslims are not given the same and equal chance to seek knowledge like the Western people. People in Western country may have big opportunity in seeking knowledge as they own most of the great universities in the world.Warren Buffet, the intelligent investor, has shown the world how a brilliant guy survives to come the most successful person in the world. (Kenton, 2014) The excellence in academic does contribute much in constructing the strategies for Buffet to become a Billionaire today. Meanwhile, that opportunity does not happened in the same way for Muslim communities. As they have been isolated within a big community when they migrate to a Western country, they are not being given same privileges in education as well.The challenges faced by Muslims to further their studies become harder when there a re only limited chances in education provided for Muslim populations. This forever has a very much dependency with the aspect of Muslims' social background. To be cleared, most Muslim countries all around the world suffer the issue of poverty. Not only being the subject of poverty, Muslims are also subjected to discrimination and prejudices for they have always be seen as unimportant to become knowledgeable even to seek knowledge.All in all, Muslims who do afford to pay the high amount of educational fees will choose not to further their study to reduce their burden of having to pay expensive educational fees. This will result in their in their interest towards education, where they will be no longer interested to seek knowledge as they have been dropped out due to incomplete fees payment, as well as the lacking of formal education. Even though this case is quite common among Muslim countries, yet it also attacks the Western as well.For example, being a rich and well developed count ry like America has never stopped this country to urge their students with expensive educational fees. This will cause the school drop-outs to find other alternatives as a mean of continuing their life(Reemerged, n. D). In short, education plays as an important element which triggers one's well life being, thus the limitations in education among Muslim populations has become a prominent barrier for them to move forward. The problem of getting an education does not stop there. This is because, even Muslim communities have their own restrictions in seeking knowledge in some countries.This is what happens in Saudi Arabia in which the women have not been only restricted to seek knowledge, yet they are also not allowed to drive and authoritative the permission from their male guardians(â€Å"Saudi Arabia†, 2013). In other words, restriction to gain knowledge is also considered as one of the barriers happened within the Muslim communities that may lead to the declination of social development among populations. To have a great country also means to acquire a great society. Every culture and society in the world today is facing many complex moral and social challenges.The major issue in developing social values in the Muslim communities is the influences of social media. The development of human behavior begins at the early age of children. Being in rapid growth stage has however asses teenagers and children to Just follow blindly what they may perceive as true without having any detailed experimentation to it. This increases their chances to be and others. All in all, these can be seen through their peculiar attitudes as well as dressing style. Feller highlights the rise of pornographic elements in children's clothing in United States leads to further moral decline (Feeler, 2013).This culture is unhealthy because it promotes the unethical manners in dressing thus encourages teenagers to dress in that way. Len other words, minor factor sometimes can also be ra cial to a problem whether it helps to reduce the problem or to boost the problem causing it to be more serious. With no doubt, pornographic issue in dressing style has actualities the sub or minor contributor to the larger problem which are teenage pregnancy and baby dumping. This sounds shocking but it does happen. In Malaysia, for example, a Muslim country, the case of unwed teen pregnancy has reached to the critical stage (Shah, 2014) at this recent day.This issue is closely related to the moral declination where it is initiated by the improper education and guidance from parents. The statistic of four consequent years' research shows that more than one thousand unwed teen pregnancies have occurred in Malaysia, starting from 2010 to 2013. This indicates the huge number and most unpredictable statistic in Malaysia involving the under-age teenagers. According to Alicia Shah (2014), as cited in Mad Hussy, the total number of unwed teen pregnancies for two year between 2011 and 2012 is 8405 Another challenge which has always become a nightmare for the Muslims is ‘Claustrophobia'.It is understandable that challenges towards Muslims do not only occur in the field of economy, education and social but also in a way Muslims receive feedbacks from the people all over the world. To be cleared, Claustrophobia refers to a form of racism being labeled to Muslims (Marci, 2004). Without realizing, the voice of anti-Muslim has been rapidly spread to global world, especially in the Western country. Muslims have been viewed as terrorists in the eyes of Western people.Head (2013) agrees that, Western people have always misinterpreted Muslims as a symbol of violence besides of their intractability to make any changes whenever they have been asked to. Even though, it is not the actual guru that reflect the true Islam yet Muslims have suffered this for quite long time. According to Harmony, there are some misunderstandings of people's views, failure to differentiate between true Islam and extremism which later becomes the root of Claustrophobia(Harmony, 2014). Claustrophobia doesn't exist itself but it has been shaped by people's perspective.For example, the Western who are being too judgmental towards Muslims always reflects any bad deeds done by Muslims as a mean to describe Islam as a whole. Later, they conclude that Islamic teachings as a form of terrorism. In other word, Westerners bad perception towards Muslims can be reduced once they understand and open ways for Muslims to explain what Islam is all about. Plus, inabilities of Muslim communities themselves to give the correct picture of Islam also boost Claustrophobia. This is again used by teethe radical Islamic terrors to describe Islam as a whole.Likewise, Claustrophobia affects the entire world of Islamic community. The huge impact can be seen in Muslim territory after the official term of Claustrophobia has been claimed, declared and well spread to the whole Western countries. One example can be seen through the tragedy of 9/1 1 here Muslims have been blamed for that tragedy as well as the bombing of the world trade centre building. This lead to the establishment of many organizations Western land (â€Å"The year in hate and extremism†, 2014). The Claustrophobia has been portrays how social media gather all blames towards Muslims at any global issue of criminals.Moreover, the treatments Muslim at the West Country get are also dreadful to relief in that critical moment. Muslims have been pictured as bad, immoral, cruel and deviated from society. At the meantime, the world will not welcome Muslim populations even they keep increasing number every now and then. N short, this situation will spread the feeling of hatred on Muslim populations worldwide thus preventing Muslims to develop well (â€Å"Claustrophobia ‘explosion' in I-J†, 2002) After all, Muslims need some strategies to enhance their quality of life in the global world.As in the field of eco nomics, Muslims should be able to convince the world of their capabilities in economic-based sector. One best example to support this idea is that, Muslims should be more competitive with the outside world. This perhaps can be portrayed through the high-quality products of local Muslim populations being exported all over the world. As a result to this, the world especially the Western will at least start to rethink of their bad perceptions given to Muslim communities. Besides, Muslim leaders should make ways for Muslims to be among the global economic competitors.So that the respect and chances will help to build up and develop the whole country. This sector closely related to the achievement on the education and academic sector, where the people have to be educated to keep on producing the great, innovative and productive products and works in the global world. As for the education, the restriction is no longer relevant for Muslim immunities, since people are born to be developed w ith the knowledge they have. Plus, the restriction to gain education between genders should be vanished thus portraying men as being superior in all aspects of life than the women should be stopped.This can be proven throughout several great of women in today's world. Morocco can be considered as one among the other countries which realizes the importance of women's contribution in education for the country. To support this, Morocco does encourage its women to become the religious leaders to guide the society through the service of personal counseling. In short, with this great alternative will actually acts as a medium to provide Muslims with a better chance of being educated thus to prepare living in a world of high technology (Sultan, 2012).Muslim country has been figured as poor country among countries all over the world. So, in order to improve the level of current development of Muslim country, Muslims themselves need to strengthen the human resources that may indicate how str ong they are to survive in global power economically. Teenage must be observed by their parents or guardians at the most of their activities. Teenagers with high exposure to immoral and unhealthy activities may have a higher tendency to get involved with the social problems.

How to Build a Backyard Kennel

? How to Build a Backyard Kennel? By Kimberly Mathis The most important thing, about building a backyard kennel, is what size, what strength and what features are needed for your dog. What is a backyard dog kennel? A backyard dog kennel is a small, fenced – in area used to contain your dog. It is an area used to keep your dog safe and contained while outdoors. It is not recommended that your dog stay in the kennel permanently. In fact, dog psychologists recommend that you allow your dog time inside as well. What size do you need? Well, what size is your dog? If you have a small dog, you won't have to build a big yard. The larger the dog, the bigger the yard. A yard has to be big enough for your dog to eat, sleep, and use the bathroom. A dog will not soil the area where he eats. This is very important because if you have a large dog and you put him in a small kennel, he has nowhere to eat and do his business. The size of your dog, also, depends on how strong you need to make it. You also need to ask yourself â€Å"How long is my dog going to stay in this kennel? † As I mentioned before, it is not a good idea to make the kennel your dog's permanent home. It causes anxiety in your dog. It also causes behavioral differences in your dog. Okay, let's get started. First, you will need to get supplies. Now most of the supplies can be bought at a local feed store or a local hardware store. You will need the following: Wooden Support Poles. You want these poles to be 6 ft high and at least 4 inches at the base. Unless you have a big dog, then you want to go taller with the posts. We don't want the dog to jump out of his cage and cause a unpleasant mess. U-nails is also required. These will help hold your fence in place. You will also need fencing. The experts prefer you to use portable metal fencing. You will need a gate for your kennel. This gate needs to be heavy and with a latch. That way your pooch can't push it open and escape. Finally, you will need a hammer and a screwdriver. Next, you will need to measure out where you are going to put this kennel. You need to make sure that it is big enough so your dog can run around yet not so big it inhibits your whole yard. Then you go and buy your materials. Remember that your yard is outside and should be able to withstand the forces of nature. Pick your spot. Make sure that there is shade and sunlight. A grassy yard is a good thing. It helps recycle the dog's urine and feces well. You also want to make sure that when it rains, it isn't going to fill up with mud and puddles. These can cause serious problems for your pet. Make your fence. Put your posts in the ground approximately 2 feet down and 4 foot apart. After you put in your posts, you want to put the dirt in around them and pack them down well. It will help your fence stay sturdy and strong. Now you are ready to attach the fence. You will attach your fence by using the U-nails. The experts say to use 3 per post. You are almost finished now. The last thing you want to do is attach your gate. Now to attach the gate, you have to make sure that it will close†¦. that was a little humor†¦. I would be the type to put a gate on and it not close properly. The gate should have a latch on it. You want to screw the hinge onto a post. Check that the gate swings easily. I cannot express how important it is that the latch work. I actually have a backyard dog kennel that was built almost exactly like the one I am describing. There is no latch on the gate. This creates a problem. My dog manages to push the concrete bricks, that are holding the gate shut, out of the way. With a latch, I wouldn't be having this problem. I have stated previously that I have a backyard kennel made almost exactly like the one I described. I found that it doesn't work very well. I have a wolf breed type of dog and she digs out from under the fence. My suggestion would be to lay concrete down and make sure the fence is in the concrete. Also, with a large breed dog, you will want to make sure that it is high enough so your dog will not crawl out of it. We have had that problem as well. I searched for different sites to help me write the best description of a backyard kennel and found only one. It is apparent that most sites do not recommend putting your pet outside in an enclosure. I, personally, am one that doesn't find anything wrong with it. I tried to let my dog inside and she ate my house. She likes being outside. Unfortunately, she likes to be UNDER our house and that is not acceptable. So we built her a dog yard with house and a porch and a canteen area. She is living the life of dogs out there and doesn't seem to like it. She is constantly figuring ways to escape and go under our home and into our duct system. I refuse to put air conditioning in her house. We have a state-of-the-art dog house that is under a perfect shade tree. The only solution, that I could come up with is that I am going to have to install concrete around the fence line. I am hoping that it works and keeps our dog in her yard. I did my essay on this subject in hopes of finding out what we did wrong. Unfortunately the only thing I see that we did wrong was making it her permanent home. I really didn't learn a lot about this but it was a fun and informative subject. This is how to make a backyard dog kennel. http://www. ehow. com/about_4568749_backyard-dog-kennels. html

Quantitative Article Review

Research Article Critique 1 Running Head: RESEARCH ARTICLE CRITIQUE Research Article Critique of â€Å"The Study of Teacher Perceptions of Instructional Technology Integration in the Classroom† by Lynette Molstad Gorder The purpose of this assignment was to review a peer reviewed journal article that is research based, and is representative of one of the research methodologies we discussed in class. The format of the article has the appearance of a dissertation because it has many of the same components. It starts with an abstract that discusses the main points of the research and the results. After reading the article, I found that the abstract failed to mention that the research was based on teachers who attended a technology course at South Dakota University. After going through a basic and advanced technology course, the teachers were sent a survey to analyze whether those teachers were integrating technology into teaching and learning. The research methodology used in this study were surveys analyzed in a quantitative design. More specifically, two survey instruments were introduced in the article, but only one was used. Both were designed by Mills and Tincher (2003). They describe the Technology Integration Standards Configuration matrix (TISC) as the first tool. This looked at technology as a tool to enhance student learning and a tool for professional productivity. The second tool described by the same designer developed the Technology Integration Matrix (TICM). This tool was more user-friendly and just described what the teacher does and what the students do in a technology outfitted classroom. Later in the article we discover that TICM is survey based on a scale rating; (1)never, (2)seldom, (3)sometimes, (4)often, and (5)always. Using this tool, the author sought to find out to what degree teachers integrate technology into their classroom and into teaching and learning after taking two technology integration classes. Using the survey the study also revealed comparisons of teacher perceptions of uses and integration based on personal characteristics. These characteristics are age, gender, number of years in the teaching field, grade level taught, content area, and education level. The research questions the study offered were 1) How do teachers currently use and integrate technology for teaching and learning in the classroom? ) How do teachers differ in the extent to which they integrate instructional technology based on the characteristics of gender, age, teaching experience, grade level taught, content area, and educational level? The characteristics are considered factors and were compared to the integration of technology in the classroom. The dependent variable in this study is the integration of technol ogy in teaching and learning in the classroom. The independent variable is the basic and advanced training course that teachers took at South Dakota University. Two courses were given at South Dakota University. The subjects for this study were all the students who participated in the two courses. The author used teachers in K-12 who attended both a Basic Technology for Teaching and Learning Academy, and the Advanced Technology for Teaching and Learning Academy at Dakota State University in Madison, South Dakota. A possible issue related to sampling may be that the author used teachers who attended a specific professional development experience. What if the courses did not benefit the students? A survey was mailed to the 300 South Dakota teachers who attended the classes. Of the 300 teachers who took the classes, 174 returned the survey. This was a 58% response rate. As we discussed in class 50% is a good response. The findings were based on the participants use and integration of technology in the classroom for teaching and learning, and the differences in perceptions based on the demographic and personal characteristics. Of the thirteen page article, seven pages were devoted to the findings. Demographic data collected were gender, age, teaching experience, grade level teaching, content area, and educational level. Research question one, â€Å"how do teachers currently use and integrate technology for teaching and learning in the classroom† was divided into three phases. Phase one devoted to professional productivity, phase two devoted to delivering instruction using technology, and phase three devoted to teachers integrating technology into student learning. The results were displayed APA style in a chart that displayed Mean and Standard Deviation. For this question, the findings report that teachers do not integrate technology well for teaching and learning, but do for professional productivity and facilitation of delivery of instruction. The second research question compared technology integration to each characteristic factor. For the first factor of male vs. female, a t-test was used to compare. There was no significant difference in gender and the use or integration of technology. Each factor was compared using a one-way ANOVA (analysis of variance). ANOVA is used when you have factors and a dependent variable. For each of the characteristics or factors a means was displayed for each of the differences of perception regarding, age, years teaching experience, grade level taught, content area, and educational level. From the findings of this analysis, only grade level taught had a significant difference in technology integration and uses. Teachers of Grades 9-12 use and integrate technology into learning more than teachers in lower grades. The study was accurate in their analysis and their findings. The study does not describe the content of the courses the teachers attended at the South Dakota University, or method of delivery. It only supplies the title of the course. References Gorder, L. (2008). A Study of Teacher Perceptions of Instructional Technology Integration in the Classroom. The Delta Pi Epsilon Journal, L (2), 63-76. Mills, S. C. , &Tincher, R. C. (2003) Be the technology: A developmental model for evaluating technology integration. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 35(3), 382-401.